Pipe pile construction



May 18, 1937. w. R. MARSDEN PIPE PILE CONSTRUCTION Filed March 2l. 1936 illnrflnllllllllnlil ATTORNEYS.

Patented May 18, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in pipe pile construction.

The objects of the present invention are to produce a pipe pile which will assure firm lateral earth support for the pile, in which the accumulation of a core of earth in the pipe is prevented and therefore the removal of detritus is obviated, and in which the driving edge of the pipe is protected against damage.

Some of these objects have been accomplished by prior pipe pile constructions of the so-called closed and open-ended types, but I am not aware of any construction embodying all the advantages here outlined.

In order more clearly to explain the nature of the invention I shall now describe one embodiment thereof with the aid of the drawing in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-section of my pipe pile construction;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation partially in section of the completed pile;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the locking collar;

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section of the mandrel extension assembly; and

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a modified type of spud point.

The pipe pile consists of an annular casing or pipe section I which encloses a mandrel I. The length of the mandrel may be increased by a mandrel extension such as 2. 'Ihe lower edge of the pipe Ill is provided with a protective driving ring 3 to prevent its distortion by obstructions when driven into the ground. A heavy driving spud 4 is attached to the lower end of the mandrel I by means of a iianged collar which bears on a shoulder 6 formed in the spud 4. The shoulder 6 of the spud bears on top of the driving ring 3. The spud 4 has a slightly tapered face 1, making Contact over part of its length with the tapered inside face 8 of the ring 3. The lower end of the pipe section I 0 contacts with the tapered outside of flange II of ring 3 and bears on the shoulder I2 of the latter.

A segmented locking collar I3 is held against the pipe I0 and the mandrel I by means .of screws or the like. The purpose of this collar is to fasten together the pipe I9 and mandrel I and prevent their separation by earth friction exerted on the pipe section Ill during the driving operation. Owing to the provision of this collar the pipe IIJ may be driven into and withdrawn from the earth in unison with the mandrel I.

The mandrel extension 2 is provided at its two ends with flanged collars I4 and I5. A sleeve I6 ts within the collar I4. Locking pins I1 will penetrate within holes I'I in the sleeve I6 to hold together mandrel I and the extension 2. The

number of extensions 2 that are necessary in .f

driving a pipe pile is determined by the distance the pile has to penetrate into the earth before reaching rock. When the penetration exceeds the pipe pile length as assembled around the mandrel, the pile driving hammer is raised and the mandrel extension 2 is placed on top of the mandrel I. A pipe section I9 is placed around the mandrel and connected to the pipe section I9 by means of the collar I3 and, when the upper end of section I0 reaches the top of the earth, then collar I3 is removed and the interconnection of the pipe sections is eiected by means of a sleeve 2| (Fig. 2).

In the driving of my pipe pile and the spudtted mandrel, the hammer is stopped when the foot of spud 4 reaches the rock stratum. The locking collar I3 is then released from the mandrel I and the pipe IU is forced down to the rock as shown by the dotted lines 23 in Fig. 1, in which position, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Fig. 2, the lower edge of ring 3 is driven into the rock. Preferably, this driving down of pipe I0 is accomplished by rst raising the mandrel I until its bottom face is flush with the driving edge of ring 3, whereupon the locking collar I3 is again fastened to the mandrel and driving is resumed. Where it is necessary to use the second pipe section I9, the latter is placed around the mandrel I or its extension 2 until its lower' edge rests in a recess 22 of the collar I3, whereupon driving is resumed on top of the pipe section I9.

Upon completion of the driving operation, the mandrel is removed from the pipe and the latter is lled up with concrete.

Fig. 5 illustrates a spud I8 having a sharper taper than the spud 4 shown in Fig. 1. This type of spud should be used where the earth obstruction is of such character as to make impossible the use of a spud with a flat driving face.

Since the driving ring 3 is substantially an integral part of the lower edge of the pipe I0, it protects the latter against damage as earth obstructions are encountered and it provides also a thicker driving edge against the nal rock surface, as distinguished from the usual open-ended pipe pile in which the driving edge is readily distorted and does not form a good seal with the rOCk Strata. Owing to this a lighter pipe pile wall thickness is permissible than in the case of open-ended piles and in spite of this the driving strains will not damage the pipe.

The mandrel I fitted with the driving spud 4 closes the bottom of the pipe I and breaks up or forces aside obstructions encountered during the driving, causing the displaced earth Vto consolidate around the pile pipe. The earth Walls will thus be strengthened, aiording a lateral stability to the pile in its function as a supporting column. When an open-ended pile is driven into the earth a core .of earth will accumulate in it which then must be removed by means of compressed air and water. This is not only a costly operation, but owing to the removal of this core the stability of the column is lessened to such an extent that the lateral support betWeen its bottom and its top is negligible.

What is claimed is:

1. In a pipe pile construction, a driving mandrel, a driving point at its lower end, a pipe section surrounding the lower part .of said mandrel, a driving ring on the lower edge of said pipe section, a collar surrounding said pipe section and having a recess in which the upper end of said pipe section is seated, a second pipe section seated on said collar and surrounding the upper part of said mandrel, said second section being held in alignment by said collar with the first mentioned pipe section, and a removable connection between the collar and the mandrel.

2. In a pipe pile construction, a driving mandrel, a driving point at its lower end, a pipe section surrounding the lower part of said mandrel, a driving ring on the lower edge of said pipe section, a collar surrounding and seated on top of said pipe section, means for fastening said collar to said mandrel, and a second pipe section seated on said collar and surrounding the upper part of said mandrel.

3. In a. pipe pile construction, a driving mandrel, a driving point at its lower end, a pipe section surrounding the lower part of said mandrel, a second pipe section surrounding the upper part of said mandrel, means` for seating said second pipe section on top of the first mentioned pipe section and in alignment therewith, and means for fastening the assembly of the two pipe sections and said means to said mandrel.

WILLIAM R. 'MARSDEN 

